Mother of Pearl Silver Jewelry History

 

Introduction

 

Reflecting the rainbows of the sea beds, iridescent Mother of Pearl is the Opal of the ocean. Like Amber, Mother of Pearl is natural, but in contrast to some other gemstone it paperwork locked away within its creator: the mollusk.

 

15th Century Europeans, in the course of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, gave Mother of Pearl its name. However the beauty of Mother of Pearl, birthstone of June, has been used in the ornament of precious jewels and embellishes as far again as 3000 years before the start of Christ.

 

Definition

 

Mother of Pearl: Crystals of calcium carbonate and conchiolin, secreted through the residing organism inside a mollusk, which increase and solidify coating the internal surface of the shell. Also referred to as Nacre (na.Ker): from the Arabic phrase 'Naqqarah' which means shell.

 

Mother Of Pearl In Mesopotamia

 

In the Twenties, a sequence of tombs have been excavated to the east of the web site of Babylon[AT1]  inside the Middle East.

 

The tombs had been of Sumerian royalty from ancient Mesopotamia and yielded a treasure trove of amulets, rings and necklaces made from gold, silver, ivory, amethyst, carnelian, lapis and different semi-precious gem stones. However, it changed into the unearthing of several lovely wood adorns and musical devices inlaid with Mother of Pearl, that illustrated just how sophisticated this historic subculture clearly became.

 

The Silver lyre of Ur, located in one of the graves in the Royal Cemetery, dates again to between 2600 and 2400 B.C. The Silver lyre, ancestor to the present day harp, was located in the Great Death Pit accompanied by 70 men and women who have been buried with their Queen. Miraculously well continued, the lyre became entirely included in sheet silver and inlaid with Mother of Pearl. The silver cow's head adorning the the front has inlaid eyes of shell and lapis lazuli, and the rims, borders and plaques of the sound box are inlaid with Mother of Pearl. Such instruments have been vital components of rituals within the royal courts and temples. There are extra representations of lyre gamers inlaid in Mother of Pearl on the infamous Standard of Ur, a wood field believed to recount the tale of Ur.

 

The approach the Sumerian artisans used to enhance wooden gadgets was to cut a layout from the shell, cut the identical form out of the timber putting, and to fill the areas and putting of the engraving with bitumen, which after performing as glue hardened forming the historical past. Animal scenes, inlayed with Mother of Pearl shell and colored gemstones along with lapis or carnelian, were particularly popular motifs used in such ornament. This technique of inlay was famous all through Asia and Asia-Minor up to the time of the Ottoman Empire, and although delicate the equal technique is still practiced by using the artisans of Turkey and Egypt nowadays.

 

Mother Of Pearl In Asia

 

In Asia, centuries earlier than the delivery of Christ, the Chinese discovered that beads or tiny figures of deities slipped among the tender mantle and the shell of a residing mollusk soon became covered with Mother of Pearl. These beads and carvings were then taken to the temples and offered to the gods within the wish that they could bestow precise good fortune upon the donor. Mother of Pearl, like jade, quickly held a function of excessive popularity in Chinese society and have become interlinked with stories of gods and mythical creatures.

 

One such tale is the tale informed within the Tao classic The History of The Great Light, written by means of Huai-Nan-Tzu at some stage in the Han dynasty at the start of the primary millennia A.D. In the e book there are eight testimonies of 8 mortals who, thru their true deeds, have been rewarded with everlasting lifestyles. The 8th of these memories tells the story of Ho-Hsien-Ku, who become instructed in a imaginative and prescient that if she ate Mother of Pearl she might step by step come to be immortal. She did because the imaginative and prescient informed, residing inside the mountains and sooner or later allotting with mortal meals. Ho-Hsien-Ku started out to drift from top to height becoming an increasing number of airy, sooner or later achieving her quest she became renamed The Immortal Maiden symbolized in the Tao philosophy by way of the lotus flower.

 

During the Confuciusan Tang dynasty, as Buddhism unfold to Korea and Japan, China absorbed and unified a vast territory that had formerly been divided into North and South China. The Tang dynasty, lasting from six hundred A.D. To 900 A.D., turned into a duration of widespread prosperity and exchange that stretched from internal Asia to the archipelagos of South East Asia. With the promise of brilliant wealth, many mariners and merchants from all around the Pacific have been attracted to China, bringing with them valuable cargos of Pearls, Mother of Pearl and many different precious and semi-valuable gem stones.

 

In historical China Mother of Pearl, other than finding its manner into jewelry and necklaces, turned into used in large quantity as a decorative inlay in embellishes which include conceitedness mirrors and brushes, and in later centuries might characteristic closely as an inlay in Chinese and Korean furniture. Interestingly, the Chinese also used Mother of Pearl in medicine, prescribing it for over a thousand years as an aid to lessen heart palpitations, dizziness, and high blood stress.

 

Mother Of Pearl In Mesoamerica

 

In eighth Century Mesoamerica there existed an historic civilization referred to as the Toltecs. Ancestors to the Aztecs, they have been feared and revered respectively for their military prowess and creative culture. The Toltec had big impacts from the Mayan populations in Guatemala to the Anasazi Indians in Arizona. Archeological excavations as some distance inland as Chaco Canyon, land marked by the towering Fajada Butte and its mysterious Sun Dagger rock carvings, have discovered Toltec treasures of ornamental rings and sculptures inlaid with Mother of Pearl from as a ways away as the Pacific Rim.

 

Still to nowadays the descendants of the Toltecs, the Yaqui Indians of Mexico immortalized within the shamanic stories of Carlos Castaneda, wear a necklace referred to as the Hoporosim. The necklace is fabricated from Mother of Pearl and is thought to provide the wearer with protection from evil.

 

In America's Southwest of nowadays, Navajo, Pueblo, and Hopi local American silversmiths, educated in age-old lapidary strategies fuse the historic into cutting-edge designs the usage of sterling silver, gold, lapis lazuli, pearl, fire opal, coral and of course Mother of Pearl.

 

Mother Of Pearl In The Pacific

 

By the 1500s Europe's growing demand for Mother of Pearl utilized in gold and silver rings, necklaces, brooches and buttons had all but depleted the components of Mother of Pearl within the Persian Gulf. However the nobility of Europe had been already all in favour of a brand new species of pearl producing oyster heralding from the Pacific: Pinctada Margaritifera, famend for its amazing gray to black colour and huge size it surpassed the beauty of any of its counterparts observed in the Persian Gulf. And with the hole of recent alternate routes at some point of the arena, in particular to Asia, the Pacific witnessed a rush of European traders and explorers keen to make the most of its wealth of Mother of Pearl.

 

In 1568 the Solomon Islands, referred to as The Pearl of the Pacific, have been observed by using the Spanish explorer, Alvaro de Mendana. On coming across the Islands wealthy bounty of gold and Mother of Pearl he gave the archipelago its contemporary name, believing that he had determined the mythical supply of King Solomon's mines. However, it turned into in truth the Austronesians, a Neolithic humans from South-East Asia, who had first settled the Solomon Islands extra than 4000 years prior to Mendana's arrival. Evidence in their splendid wealth of Mother of Pearl can be visible within the inlay acting in lots of their tribal shields and statues of gods and spirits.

 

From Tahiti to Bora Bora the Polynesian archipelago stretches out to the dimensions of Western Europe. The Islands had been first located via the European Magellan, and once more in 1595 with the aid of Mendana. But long earlier than their arrival Mother of Pearl and Pearl had already attained a god-like status.

 

In Polynesian lore, the iridescence of Mother of Pearl is attributed to the spirits of coral and sand, Okana and Uaro, who as legend has it embellished the Tahitian oysters in glistening cloaks included in all the hues of the fish of the sea. It is also stated that Oro, the Polynesian god of peace and fertility, came down to earth and presented a unique pearl referred to as Te Ufi, the black pearl, to the stunning princess of Bora Bora as a sign of his love. But via the center of the 18th Century with Europe's lust for Mother of Pearl the Pacific Islands have been practically stripped bear of its oysters, and with its disappearance the stories handed into legend.

 

However, in 1880 France won control of Tahiti, what's now known as French Polynesia, and moves have been taken to limit the plundering of the seabed. Other international locations followed suite and with the aid of the 1900s, with the spread of western civilization, regulations were imposed on the fishing enterprise during the Pacific, and the world had to appearance someplace else in their search for Mother of Pearl.

 

European exploration of the Pacific Islands on the lookout for Mother of Pearl persevered, and inside the Nineteen Twenties it turned into discovered for the ultimate time on a remote Island of the New Hebrides. But when explorers Sperry and Evans stumbled upon the use of Mother of Pearl, it changed into a ways from what they anticipated. They wrote, In the other nook of the significant hut a line of mummies have been positioned like a barricade...Bushy mops of hair nevertheless clung to the heads, and their faces wore mask of clay, with big eyes of Mother of Pearl that shone via the gloom watching us with an uncanny effect. In reality the mummies weren't ancestral individuals of the tribe, but had been the our bodies of a rival tribe...Of cannibals!

 

In 19th Century America, where Mother of Pearl were formerly used as an inlay in fixtures it discovered a brand new use in fashion, as buttons. Iowa have become the center of the change, delivery billions of iridescent fasteners till World War II, when newly invented plastics undercut the costs of Mother of Pearl buttons, all but using them out of the marketplace. The majority of Americas Mother of Pearl become sourced from the Gulf of California's Abalone oysters. But these sources, like others at some point of the sector, have been nearly depleted and it wasn't until the discovery of new-cultured farming strategies in Japan that the arena's Mother of Pearl producing oysters saw a go back in numbers

 [AT1]

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